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Chapter-by-chapter notes written straight from the curriculum. Read free, then practise the same chapter with an AI-generated quiz.
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Learn what carbohydrates, fats, proteins and water each do, the sources and deficiency diseases of every vitamin and mineral, why roughage matters because it cannot be digested, and how kwashiorkor differs from marasmus.
Read articleFollow the fermentation that makes bread rise and beer ferment, see how moulds ripen cheese and how mushrooms turn straw into protein, then list the spoilage and crop diseases fungi cause.
Read articleSee how bacteria give us antibiotics, serums and vaccines, follow nitrogen through the four kinds of soil bacteria, learn why tea and leather need them, and list the harm they do.
Read articleLearn the three characters that define a chordate, then take the five vertebrate classes in order with their body covering, respiratory organs, heart chambers and mode of reproduction.
Read articleFind out what single structure splits the animal kingdom in two, then take the seven non-chordate phyla in order from sponges to starfish with the distinguishing features and a named example of each.
Read articleDefine respiration and place glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, write both balanced equations, explain how a plant with no lungs exchanges gases, and set up the experiment that proves respiration gives off heat.
Read articleLabel a bean seed and a maize grain, list the differences between monocot and dicot seeds, tell hypogeal germination from epigeal, and design the experiment that proves what a seed needs.
Read articleFollow the pollen tube from the stigma to the embryo sac, work out why one fusion gives a diploid embryo and the other a triploid endosperm, and see what the ovary and the ovule become.
Read articleDefine pollination and tell self from cross, weigh the advantages of each, read a flower's pollinator off its petals and pollen, and follow the six devices that force cross-pollination.
Read articleLabel the four whorls of a bisexual flower and give each a job, separate essential from non-essential and complete from incomplete, dissect a stamen and a carpel, and read inflorescence and placentation.
Read articleSort animal tissues into four groups, place every kind of epithelium in the body, learn why blood and bone belong together, and compare striated, unstriated and cardiac muscle with the structure of a neuron.
Read articleDefine a tissue and classify plant tissues, find out where each meristem makes a plant grow, compare parenchyma with collenchyma and sclerenchyma, and learn why xylem is mostly dead and phloem mostly alive.
Read articleState the cell theory and what protoplasm is, learn the structure and job of every organelle from nucleus to vacuole, compare the cell wall with the cell membrane, and separate prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells.
Read articleIdentify sodium, potassium, calcium and copper from their flame colours, test a water sample for hardness and soften it, see why detergent beats soap in hard water, and learn the three precipitate colours.
Read articleIdentify nine gases from colour, odour and one confirmatory test, predict what happens when carbonates, hydrated salts and nitrates are heated, and tell true sublimation from the kind that only looks like it.
Read articleLearn what natural water carries that living things need, how heavy metals, sewage, plastics and pesticides get in, why methylmercury caused Minamata disease, and which preventive steps remove which pollutant.
Read articleWrite the equations that turn sulphur and nitrogen oxides into acid rain, name the greenhouse gases and explain how they trap heat, judge which measures actually help, and follow the chain that destroys ozone.
Read articleDerive the combined gas equation from Boyle's Law and Charles's Law, solve for any unknown, find the volume of a given mass of gas at S.T.P., and correct a measurement made over water.
Read articleExplain gas behaviour by molecular motion, solve pressure-volume problems with Boyle's Law and volume-temperature problems with Charles's Law, and see where absolute zero comes from.
Read articleDefine oxidation and reduction by oxygen and hydrogen, then rebuild both on electron transfer, write the half-reactions, name the oxidising and reducing agent in any equation, and see why the two always occur together.
Read articleSet up the laboratory preparation of hydrogen from granulated zinc and dilute sulphuric acid, learn why that metal and that acid are chosen, collect the gas over water, and follow the industrial route.
Read articleSee why hydrogen fits two groups at the same time, write the equations for cold water, hot water and steam on metals, and use the activity series to decide which acid will release hydrogen.
Read articleWork out the group and period of any element in the first three periods from its electronic configuration, then use its position to predict its family, its size and whether it behaves as a metal.
Read articleTest a set of three elements against the law of triads with real atomic masses, see why the law of octaves ran out at calcium, and find out what atomic number fixed in the older periodic table.
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