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Chapter-by-chapter notes written straight from the curriculum. Read free, then practise the same chapter with an AI-generated quiz.
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Learn how the idea of indivisible particles became a testable theory, what Thomson's model explained and failed to, what the gold foil experiment showed, and how Bohr fixed the stability problem.
Read articleLearn to calculate power and convert between watt, kilowatt and horsepower, see how a pulley changes effort, find the mechanical advantage of an inclined plane, and classify the three orders of lever.
Read articleLearn the forms of energy and how devices convert between them, calculate kinetic energy and see why doubling the speed quadruples it, find potential energy from height, and use conservation of energy.
Read articleLearn to calculate work with the cosine factor when a force acts at an angle, recognise the three cases of zero work, tell positive work from negative, and use the work-energy theorem.
Read articleLearn Newton's third law and how to spot an action-reaction pair, why those forces never cancel, how to find the acceleration of connected blocks, and how momentum conservation gives recoil speeds.
Read articleLearn Newton's first law and inertia, why mass measures inertia, how to use F = ma in calculations, and how momentum explains why catching softly hurts less.
Read articleLearn what a force can do to an object, how a spring balance measures it in newtons, how to add forces to find the net force, and where friction helps and where it hinders.
Read articleLearn how a separating funnel divides immiscible liquids, how sublimation separates camphor and ammonium chloride, how solutions, suspensions and colloids differ, and what the Tyndall effect reveals.
Read articleLearn why crystallisation beats evaporation, how to choose between simple and fractional distillation from boiling points, how paper chromatography separates a mixture, and how to pick a technique.
Read articleLearn to classify mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous, identify solute and solvent in every state, calculate concentration by mass and by volume, and read a solubility curve.
Read articleLearn the three equations of motion for constant acceleration, how to choose the right one from what a question gives you, how motion in a plane differs from a straight line, and why circular motion is accelerated.
Read articleLearn to plot position-time graphs for rest, uniform and non-uniform motion, read velocity from a slope, interpret velocity-time graphs, and find displacement from the area beneath one.
Read articleLearn to describe position from a reference point, tell distance from displacement, calculate average speed and average velocity separately, and find acceleration with its direction.
Read articleLearn how muscles and bones work together as levers, classify ball and socket, hinge, pivot and fixed joints, predict movement from a joint's structure, and list what the skeleton does.
Read articleLearn the types of epithelial tissue and where each is found, how connective tissues such as blood, bone and cartilage support the body, how the three muscle types differ, and what nervous tissue does.
Read articleLearn why plant tissues differ from animal tissues, where apical, lateral and intercalary meristems grow, how to tell parenchyma from collenchyma and sclerenchyma, and what xylem and phloem carry.
Read articleLearn what each cell organelle does, why eukaryotic cells need compartments, how mitosis and meiosis differ in chromosome number, and what cell theory unifies.
Read articleLearn how magnification gives a cell's real size, why the cell membrane is universal, how the cell wall separates plant from animal cells, and how to tell a prokaryote from a eukaryote.
Read articleLearn why scientists build simplified models, how everyday words like force and work change meaning in science, the difference between a law, a theory and a principle, and how to make a claim testable.
Read articleLearn to list the sample space of an experiment, calculate probability as a ratio of outcomes, handle coins, dice, cards and balls, and use the complement rule.
Read articleLearn to draw and read bar graphs and double bar graphs, build a histogram from a grouped frequency table, calculate central angles for a pie chart, and interpret each one.
Read articleLearn the difference between raw and arrayed data, find the range, build tally and grouped frequency tables with class marks, and calculate the mean, median and mode.
Read articleLearn the curved and total surface area of a cylinder, find the volume of solid and hollow cylinders, work backwards to a radius or height, and solve melting and recasting problems.
Read articleLearn the lateral and total surface area and volume of cuboids and cubes, find the space diagonal, convert between cubic units and litres, and solve painting and tank problems.
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